Diabetic retinopathy occurs when diabetes damages the blood vessels in the retina. Over time it can cause bleeding, macular edema, formation of abnormal vessels and, in advanced cases, retinal detachment. In early stages it may not cause symptoms, so early detection and ophthalmologic follow-up are essential to preserve vision.
What is it?
Treatment of diabetic retinopathy includes different therapeutic options aimed at controlling retinal damage and reducing the risk of vision loss. Depending on the case, it may include laser photocoagulation, intravitreal anti-VEGF injections and vitreoretinal surgery in more advanced cases.
Who is it for?
For people with diabetes who have diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema or other complications related to diabetes-induced retinal damage. Treatment is individualized based on disease stage, degree of visual involvement and presence of complications.
How is it performed?
Treatment depends on the type and severity of diabetic retinopathy. Intravitreal injections are generally administered in a sterile area under eye-drop anesthesia. Retinal laser is performed on an outpatient basis and vitreoretinal surgery is reserved for cases with vitreous hemorrhage, tractional detachment or other advanced complications.
Recovery
Injections and laser treatments usually allow quick return to usual activities. In surgical cases, recovery may require relative rest, use of eye drops and, in some patients, maintaining a specific head position when intraocular gas is used.